Supply chain management is an integral part of modern-day business. Hence, it becomes crucial to seek innovative solutions to streamline the movement of goods all over the world. When it comes to asset tracking and inventory management, RFID has been a game-changing technology. For example, RFID on clothes has helped big brands like Zara improve efficiency and cut down overhead expenses.
However, it becomes important to understand the difference between active and passive RFID tags to implement RFID solutions effectively. This blog will explore the disparities between the two technologies and provide detailed insights for you to make an informed choice.
Let’s begin by examining the basics of active and passive tags.
Active RFID Tags
Active RFID tags are like the marathon runners of the RFID world, continuously transmitting data without needing an external power source. These tags are powered by an internal battery that provides sufficient energy for seamless radio communication.
The tags are characterized by their ability to broadcast signals over long distances, making them ideal for real-time tracking and monitoring applications. This is a key difference between active and passive RFID tags.
Features of Active Tags
1) Long-Range Communication: One of the primary distinctions between active and passive RFID tags is the range of communication. Active RFID tags can transmit data over hundreds of feet, allowing for real-time tracking of assets or inventory in a large warehouse or across expansive outdoor areas.
2) Constant Broadcasting: Active RFID tags are always “on.” They continuously emit signals, making them suitable for applications where constant tracking is essential, such as tracking the location of shipping containers during transit.
3) High Data Capacity: Active tags have larger memory capacities than their passive counterparts, enabling them to store more data. This feature is advantageous for applications requiring the storage of additional information, such as temperature records or maintenance history.
4) External Power Source: Active tags have their own power source, typically in the form of a battery. The battery’s lifespan can vary, but it allows the tag to operate autonomously for an extended period, often several years.
5) Costlier Solution: The additional components and battery make active RFID tags more expensive than passive tags, both in terms of initial purchase and maintenance costs.
Passive RFID Tags
Unlike active RFID tags, passive RFID tags do not have an internal power source. Instead, they rely on the energy provided by the reader or the scanner to transmit data. This is a key difference between active and passive RFID tags. It affects their range, capabilities, and suitability for various applications.
Features of Passive Tags
1) Limited Range: Passive RFID tags have a shorter read range compared to active tags, typically up to a few meters. This makes them suitable for scenarios where close proximity scanning is sufficient.
2) Intermittent Communication: Passive tags are passive in the sense that they only transmit data when in the presence of an RFID reader’s electromagnetic field. This intermittent communication style conserves energy and extends the tag’s lifespan.
3) Lower Cost: Passive RFID tags are generally more affordable than active tags. This cost-effectiveness makes them an attractive choice for businesses with budget constraints or applications that do not require constant tracking.
4) Simplified Maintenance: Since passive tags do not contain a battery, they do not require periodic battery replacement or maintenance, reducing long-term operational costs.
Now that we are clear about the fundamental difference between active and passive RFID tags, let’s delve deeper into the considerations that can guide your decision-making process.
Difference between Active and Passive RFID Tags – A Comparative Analysis
The main difference between active and passive RFID tags lies in their use cases and specific requirements. Here is a complete list summarizing the details below.
Range Requirements:
If you need to track assets or inventory across vast areas or in outdoor environments, active RFID tags are the clear choice due to their extended range of capabilities.
For smaller-scale applications where close proximity scanning suffices, passive RFID tags can offer a cost-effective solution.
Data Storage:
Evaluate the volume of data you need to store and access. Active tags offer larger memory capacities, making them suitable for applications that require extensive data storage, such as tracking temperature-sensitive goods.
Passive tags are better suited for applications where minimal data storage is required, such as basic inventory management.
Real-Time Tracking:
Consider whether real-time tracking is critical to your operations. Active RFID tags, with their constant broadcasting, excel in providing up-to-the-minute location data.
Passive tags can still provide valuable information but may not be as suitable for applications where instant updates are crucial.
Budget Constraints:
Assess your budgetary limitations. Passive RFID tags are more budget-friendly in terms of both initial investment and long-term maintenance costs.
Active RFID tags are a more substantial upfront investment due to their additional components and batteries.
Maintenance Requirements:
Factor in the maintenance effort and costs associated with each type of tag. Passive tags, being battery-free, require less maintenance.
Active tags may necessitate periodic battery replacement and monitoring.
Application Specifics:
Tailor your choice to the specific needs of your application. For example, active RFID tags are commonly used in tracking high-value assets, while passive tags are suitable for access control and ticketing systems.
Scalability:
Consider future scalability requirements. If you anticipate expanding your RFID system, ensure that the chosen technology can accommodate growth.
Now, let’s move to the frequently asked questions on the difference between active and passive RFID tags.
FAQs – Difference Between Active and Passive RFID Tags
Is Fastag active or passive RFID?
Fastag is a passive RFID technology as the tag does not have its own internal battery. It only gets activated when the beam from the scanner strikes the chip.
Are active RFID tags reusable?
Yes, you can use active tags multiple times as the data can be altered anytime you want. You can replace the stored data and add new information in the tags.
What is a passive tracking device?
Passive tracking devices do not have their own power source. They are receivers and cannot transmit information unless activated by an external scanner or a reader. You can use the stored data to monitor your business operations efficiently.
What is the difference between asset tracking and asset management?
Asset tracking primarily deals with monitoring, tracking, and managing the location of physical assets while asset management is a broader concept that includes managing the entire assets of a business. Asset tracking is a subcategory of asset management.
What is the size of an active RFID tag?
Active RFID comes in various sizes. For example, a single tag has the thickness of four or five credit cards put together. It is 3 to 4 inches long and roughly ¼ inch thick.
Conclusion
In the ongoing debate of active vs. passive RFID tags, the choice ultimately boils down to your specific business needs and the intended application. To make an informed decision, carefully assess your range requirements, data storage needs, real-time tracking priorities, budget constraints, and maintenance capabilities. Remember, the difference between active and passive RFID tags depends on the capability of the tag that can do the job efficiently.
